Wright Brothers Institute Leads, Connects Department of Defense Effort to Rapidly Produce Low-Cost Ventilators 

15.04.20 10:20 PM By Jennie Hempstead

Ventilator Sprint Prototype
A garage-built test to determine sterilization and effectiveness for "bubbler" mechanized respiration concept.

By: Laura Dempsey


Dayton, April 15, 2020: As coronavirus disease (COVID-19) spread throughout the world, it quickly became clear that the U.S. health care system would be unable to meet the projected demand for ventilators, resulting in a shortage that would surely cost lives.


Defining the Challenge, Exploring Solutions


Organizations across the continents began mobilizing solutions, including many in the Department of Defense. Recognizing this as an unprecedented, urgent crisis, the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) reached out to Wright Brothers Institute (WBI) to explore concepts for quickly producing inexpensive (~$300) ventilators. OSD was aware of promising concepts from three entities: Rice University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the Assessment and Training Solutions Consulting Corporation (ATSCC). 

WBI saw the request as an opportunity to expand its contribution to the cause of providing ventilators to those in need and arranged a Sprint (a week of intensive focus on a challenge) that would verify the projected shortage numbers, identify which U.S. companies held ventilator-related patents, and explore innovative ideas for quickly producing the needed equipment. WBI secured Subject Matter Experts from the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) to participate in the Sprint and, for the first time, made it a virtual event to protect everyone’s health. The goal of this Sprint was to find innovative, workable concepts, with pathways into Air Force acquisition channels that could fast-track ventilators to medical professionals.
Virtual Zoom participants.
As many as 30+ virtual sprint participants took part in the effort, ensuring safe collaboration.

On March 23, 2020, the Sprint participants gathered via Zoom, the online meeting utility, and began defining the issue and brainstorming solutions. Courses of action included scaling up existing manufacturing; modifying medical equipment such as C-PAP machines and bag ventilators such as those used by first responders; modifying commercial off-the-shelf equipment such as scuba gear; designing a do-it-yourself 3D printed version; and some sort of “Apollo 13” approach, cobbling together available, existing materials. The team was able to pin down requirements for approval from the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) and looked at whether it was necessary to get that approval given the urgent nature of the crisis. (It is, but emergency waivers of some requirements are on the table.) The Sprint concluded with several white papers distributed to various military networks. 


These white papers will provide additional testing, prototyping and supply chain insights for other Department of Defense efforts, including the recent Defense Health Agency (DHA) “Hack-A-Vent” Challenge. 


Jennie Hempstead